Human Anatomy and Physiology II

Final Exam, Version 6 - May 12,1997

Dr. Chabot

 

Multiple Choice (@2 points): Circle the letter of the one best answer. GOOD LUCK!

Answer only 30 out of 33! The first 30 answered will be graded.

 

1. The production of inhibin decreases when

A. the production of sperm gets "too high"

B. the production of sperm gets "too low"

C. the production of GnRH gets "too high"

D. all of the above

 

2. Proteins released by certain cells and which cause an increase in temperature are called

A. interferons

B. defensins

C. kinins

D. pyrogens

 

3. The function of antibodies is to:

A. act as phagocytes

B. kill foreign invaders by "punching holes" in their membranes

C. label foreign invaders for destruction

D. stimulate the production of antigens

 

4. The male gland(s) that produce(s) secretions that decreases pH and that forms 60% of the volume of semen are called

A. prostate

B. bulbourethral

C. seminal vesicles

D. paraurethral

 

5. The hormone commonly used to detect if a woman is pregnant is

A. estrogen

B. progesterone

C. hCG

D. ADH

 

6. The mechanism that produces ejaculation of semen after sexual excitement stimuli have occurred is

A. skeletal muscles within the penis contract

B. parasympathetic impulses cause arteries leading to the penis to constrict

C. parasympathetic impulses cause veins to constrict, decreasing blood flow away from the penis

D. sympathetic impulses cause smooth muscles in the reproductive tract to rhythmically contract

 

7. Small food molecules are absorbed primarily in the:

A. mouth

B. esophagus

C. stomach

D. small intestine

E. large intestine

 

8. Which bodily function is NOT a particular function of the liver?

A. detoxification

B. glycogen storage

C. production of bile

D. production of blood proteins

E. production of protein-digesting enzymes

9. The enzyme amylase functions to digest

A. carbohydrates

B. proteins

C. fats

D. all of these

 

10. Which of the following is a protein digesting enzyme found in pancreatic secretions?

A. trypsin

B. lipase

C. amylase

D. nuclease

 

11. The hormones that induce milk production in female breasts are:

A. FSH

B. prolactin

C. LH

D. oxytocin

 

12. At least some mechanical digestion occurs in the digestive tract:

A. from the mouth to the anus

B. from the mouth to the stomach

C. from the mouth to the large intestine

D. from the mouth to the small intestine

 

13. Recent results have indicated that ulcers seem to be caused by:

A. pyloric bacteria

B. stress

C. excess stomach acid

D. heartburn

 

14. In which portion of the digestive tract would you expect to find contents with the highest concentration of free fatty acids?

A. colon

B. cecum

C. stomach

D. duodenum

E. esophagus

 

15. Fertilization normally occurs in the

A. ovary

B. Fallopian tube

C. uterus

D. vagina

 

16. HCl is released in the stomach and functions to:

A. alter protein shape to make them more digestible

B. induce the formation of pepsin from pepsinogen

C. digest proteins

D. A and B

E. All of the above

 

17. Which of the following are major functions of the pancreas?

A. regulation of blood sugar

B. conversion of ammonia into urea

C. secretion of bile

D. all of these

 


18. Sperm cells, after they are fully mature, may go into the

A. seminiferous tubules

B. vas deferens

C. epididymis

D. seminal vesicles

 

19. Pancreatic digestive secretions are regulated by

A. parasympathetic "reflexes"

B. the autonomic nervous system

C. whether or not chyme is being squirted into the duodenum

D. all of these

 

20. The cells that function to regulate other immune cells are:

A. B cells

B. macrophages

C. Killer T cells

D. Suppresser T cells

 

21. The effects of sympathetic nerve impulses on the alimentary canal are __________ and parasympathetic impulses are __________.

A. stimulative, or cause increases in activity; inhibitory, or slow down activity

B. varied with most of the activity being inhibitory; inhibitory all the time

C. not known; integrative, or integrate all the activities of the canal

D. none of the above

 

22. Amino acids and simple sugars are transported to the liver from the small intestine via:

A. a portal system

B. the lymphatic system

C. the bile duct

D. the digestive duct

 

23. One of the major functions of the stomach is to

A. secrete proteases

B. secrete intrinsic factor

C. secrete lipases

D. A and B only

 

24. The female structure that corresponds to (is homologous to) the male scrotum is/are the

A. vagina

B. clitoris

C. vestibule

D. labia

 

25. Killer T cells need _______ in order to kill micro-organisms

A. an antibody labeled organism

B. helper T cells

C. pyrogens

D. A and B only

 

26. Functions of the lymphatic system include:

a. absorbing amino acids from food

b. absorbing fats from food

c. producing digestive enzymes

d. producing sperm and eggs

 


27. A type of birth control that can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted diseases is called the:

A. barrier method

B. physiologic method

C. chemical method

D. hormonal method

 

28. The Fallopian tubes are lined with:

A. simple squamous epithelial

B. stratified squamous epithelial

C. ciliated columnar epithelial

D. stratified columnar epithelial

 

29. A "Pap" smear can be used to:

A. diagnose the potential presence of syphilis

B. diagnose the potential presence of gonorrhea

C. diagnose the potential presence of cancer

D. diagnose the potential presence of HIV

 

30. After fertilization and implantation of the egg (zygote), the placenta secretes _____ in order to maintain pregnancy.

A. FSH

B. LH

C. estrogen

D. GnRH

 

31. "The pill" works to prevent fertilization by:

A. increasing LH production

B. suppressing the LH surge

C. preventing endometrial thickening

D. decreasing spermatogenesis

 

32. Spermatozoa, from the time of their development until the time of ejaculation, are transported through the male reproductive passageways. A number of structures of the reproductive system, each designated by a number, are listed below. Which combination of numbers best describes the route taken by the spermatozoa?

1. seminal vesicles;

2. vas deferens;

3. seminiferous tubules;

4. urethra;

5. epididymis.

A. 1, 2, 5, 4

B. 3, 1, 5, 4

C. 3, 5, 2, 4

D. 4, 2, 3, 6

E. 5, 3, 2, 4

 

33. For women over the age of 40, the American Cancer Society suggests:

A. a monthly self-examination

B. a yearly self-examination

C. mammography (X-Rays) every 3 years or so

D. mammography (X-Rays) every year or so

E. A and D

 

 


FILL-INS (@2 points):

Complete the following sentences with the most appropriate words (# indicated by # of lines).

Choose 10 out of 12 only.

 

1. The primary organs (gonads) of the male reproductive system are the __________.

 

2. The _______________ produces and secretes bile.

 

3. Seminal vesicle secretions contain __________ that provides an energy source for sperm cells.

 

4. Pancreatic fluid contains a high concentration of ________, which makes it alkaline.

 

5. The _________________ cells in the testes support and nourish developing sperm.

 

6. The process by which bile causes the breakdown of fat globules into smaller droplets is __________.

 

7. The male pituitary hormone which stimulates testosterone production is ___________.

 

8. ______________ cells help to increase the activity of B cells and Killer T cells.

 

9. The hormone that stimulates the secretion (ejection) of milk from the mammary glands is __________.

 

10. ___________ functions to alter protein shape so that proteases can better digest proteins.

 

11. Vaccinations work because they produce a type of B cell called a ____________ _______.

 

12. The female structure that corresponds to (is homologous to) the male penis is the _________.

 

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Essay/Short Answer (@ 10 pts). Answer only 2 of the following 3. The first 2 answered will be graded.

 

1. Draw and label the human digestive tract. Also list the functions of four of the labeled parts.

 


2. Describe the monthly changes which occur to the inner lining of the uterus. Be sure to mention how this process is controlled.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Describe how HIV infects humans.