Human Anatomy and Physiology II

Final Exam, Version 4 - May 15, 1995

Dr. Chabot

 

Multiple Choice (@2 points): Circle the letter of the one best answer. GOOD LUCK!

Answer only 30 out of 33! The first 30 answered will be graded.

 

1. The cells that produce testosterone are

A. Sertoli cells

B. "Nurse" cells

C. Leydig cells

D. all of the above

 

2. The process known as _____________ takes place in the distal tubule of the kidney.

A. secretion

B. reabsorption

C. ultrafiltration

D. all of the above

 

3. The male gland(s) that produce(s) most of the volume of semen is/are the

A. prostate

B. bulbourethral

C. seminal vesicles

D. paraurethral

 

4. The hormone commonly used to detect if a woman is pregnant is

A. estrogen

B. progesterone

C. hCG

D. ADH

 

5. Orgasm involves

A. rhythmic stimulation of the gonads and accessory ducts by the parasympathetic nervous system

B. rhythmic stimulation of the gonads and accessory ducts by the sympathetic nervous system

C. a decrease in heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration

D. none of the above

 

6. The mechanism that produces an erection of the penis after sexual excitement stimuli have occurred is that

A. skeletal muscles within the penis constrict

B. parasympathetic impulses cause arteries leading to the penis to constrict

C. parasympathetic impulses cause veins to constrict, decreasing blood flow away from the penis

D. none of these

 

7. Menstruation is triggered in females by

A. rising levels of LH

B. falling levels of LH

C. rising levels of estrogen and progesterone

D. falling levels of estrogen and progesterone

 

8. The enzyme pepsin functions to digest

A. carbohydrates

B. proteins

C. fats

D. all of these

 


9. Which of the following is a fat-splitting enzyme found in pancreatic secretions?

A. trypsin

B. lipase

C. amylase

D. nuclease

 

10. The hormones that induce milk production or milk ejection in female breasts are:

A. FSH and LH

B. prolactin and oxytocin

C. placental lactogens

D. GnRH and oxytocin

 

11. At least some absorption occurs in the digestive tract:

A. from the pharynx to the anus

B. in the stomach and small intestine only

C. in the small and large intestines only

D. in the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine

 

12. About the time of ovulation, the anterior pituitary gland releases a relatively large quantity of

A. estrogen

B. progesterone

C. LH

D. androgen

 

13. Recent results have indicated that ulcers seem to be caused by:

A. pyloric bacteria

B. stress

C. excess stomach acid

D. heartburn

 

14. The digestive functions of bile include

A. chemically digesting lipids

B. mechanically digesting lipids

C. chemically digesting proteins

D. all of these

 

15. Embryonic implantation normally occurs in the

A. peritoneal cavity

B. Fallopian tube

C. uterus

D. vagina

 

16. Which of the following is a function of the duodenum?

A. absorption of water and salts

B. digestion of amino acids

C. absorption of food molecules

D. digestion of complex carbohydrates

 

17. Which of the following are major functions of the pancreas?

A. regulation of blood sugar

B. conversion of ammonia into urea

C. secretion of bile

D. all of these

 


18. Sperm cells are produced primarily in the

A. seminiferous tubules

B. ejaculatory ducts

C. epididymis

D. seminal vesicles

 

19. Pancreatic digestive secretions are regulated by

A. parasympathetic "reflexes"

B. the autonomic nervous system

C. whether or not chyme is being squirted into the duodenum

D. all of these

 

20. The most commonly used oral contraceptives contain

A. estrogen and progesterone

B. GnRH

C. gonadotropins

D. FSH and LH

 

21. The effects of sympathetic nerve impulses on the alimentary canal are __________ and parasympathetic impulses are __________.

A. stimulative, or cause increases in activity; inhibitory, or slow down activity

B. varied with most of the activity being inhibitory; inhibitory all the time

C. not known; integrative, or integrate all the activities of the canal

D. none of the above

 

22. The tubes that help to allow the egg to pass from the ovaries and into the uterus are called

A. vas deferens

B. oviducts

C. spermatic cord

D. myometrial tubes

 

23. One of the major functions of the large intestine is to

A. secrete digestive enzymes

B. reabsorb water from chyme

C. regulate the release of bile

D. break down hemoglobin

 

24. The female structure that corresponds to (is homologous to) the male scrotum is/are the

A. vagina

B. clitoris

C. vestibule

D. labia

 

25. Which of the following is true in regard to saliva?

A. The production of saliva is stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.

B. It contains the protease pepsin.

C. It contains concentrated enzymes involved in lipid digestion.

D. The production of saliva is stimulated by the parasympathetic nervous system..

 

26. The American Cancer Society recommends that women without a family history of cervical cancer have "Pap smears"

A. every year after the age of 20

B. every year after the age of 30

C. every 2-3 years up to the age of 50

D. none of the above

 


27. The function of the kidney is to

A. maintain the appropriate levels of ions in the blood

B. help regulate blood pH

C. remove toxic wastes fro the blood

D. none of the above

 

28. The vagina is lined with:

A. simple squamous epithelial

B. stratified squamous epithelial

C. simple columnar epithelial

D. stratified columnar epithelial

 

29. In the kidney a lot of fluid is filtered out of the blood initially; ______ of this is normally returned to the blood.

A. 25%

B. 40%

C. 60%

D. 99%

 

30. Which of the following is not part of the female reproductive system?

A. seminal vesicles

B. paraurethral glands

C. Fallopian tubes

D. vulva

 

31. Consuming alcohol causes a(n) ________ in ADH production.

A. hypothalamus, increase

B. kidney, increase

C. hypothalamus, decrease

D. kidney, decrease

 

32. In the digestive system there is a portal vein that brings the digestion products from the ___ to the ___.

A. duodenum; pancreas

B. ileum/jejunum; pancreas

C. duodenum; liver

D. ileum/jejunum; liver

 

33. The tube that drains the bladder is called the

A. urethra

B. ureter

C. vas deferens

D. distal tubule

 

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FILL-INS (@2 points):

Complete the following sentences with the most appropriate words (# indicated by # of lines).

Choose 10 out of 12 only.

1. The primary organs (gonads) of the male reproductive system are the __________.

 

2. The ______ secretes lipases, proteases, and carbohydrases.

 

3. Seminal vesicle secretions contain __________ that provides an energy source for sperm cells.

 

4. Pancreatic fluid contains a high concentration of ________, which makes it alkaline.

 


FILL-INS (cont):

 

5. __________ (a process) occurs in the female reproductive tract to sperm which are only then capable of fertilization.

 

6. The process by which bile causes the breakdown of fat globules into smaller droplets is __________.

 

7. The male pituitary hormone which stimulates testosterone production is ___________.

 

8. Along with digestion, mastication, and ingestion, ___________ is a major function of the digestive system.

 

9. The hormone that stimulates the secretion (ejection) of milk from the mammary glands is __________.

 

10. ___________ functions to alter protein shape so that proteases can better digest proteins.

 

11. The __________ is the "functional unit" of the kidney.

 

12. The female structure that corresponds to (is homologous to) the male penis is the _________.

 

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Essay/Short Answer (@ 10 pts). Answer only 2 of the following 3. The first 2 answered will be graded.

 

1. Draw and label the human digestive tract. Also list the functions of four of the labeled parts.

 


2. Describe the monthly changes which occur to the inner lining of the uterus. Be sure to mention how this process is controlled.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Describe how ovulation is controlled in human females.