Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Final Exam, Version 3 - May 18, 1994
Dr. Chabot
Multiple Choice (@2 points): Circle the letter of the one best answer. GOOD LUCK!
Answer only 30 out of 33! The first 30 answered will be graded.
1. Which of the following is an example of a specific body defense mechanism?
A. phagocytosis
B. inflammation
C. immunity
D. enzyme action
2. The process known as _____________ takes place in Bowman's capsule
A. secretion
B. reabsorption
C. ultrafiltration
D. all of the above
3. The HIV virus is thought to be transmitted from one person to another by
A. casual contact
B. insect bites
C. kissing
D. none of these
4. The hormone commonly used to detect if a woman is pregnant is
A. estrogen
B. progesterone
C. HCG
D. ADH
5. B cells are involved in
A. non-specific defenses against bacteria and viruses
B. the production of antibodies
C. the recognition of antibody/antigen complexes
D. the production of perforins
6. The mechanism that produces an erection of the penis after sexual excitement stimuli have occurred is that
A. skeletal muscles within the penis constrict
B. parasympathetic impulses cause arteries leading to the penis to constrict
C. parasympathetic impulses cause veins to dilate, increasing blood flow away from the penis
D. none of these
7. The inflammatory response does not include which of the following?
A. histamine release
B. pyrogen release
C. antibody release
D. none of the above
8. The salivary enzyme amylase functions to digest
A. carbohydrates
B. proteins
C. fats
D. all of these
9. Which of the following is a protein-splitting enzyme found in pancreatic secretions?
A. trypsin
B. lipase
C. amylase
D. nuclease
10. The hormones mainly responsible for maintaining the endometrium during the last 5-6 months of pregnancy are
A. FSH and LH
B. human chorionic gonadotropins
C. placental lactogens
D. placental estrogen and progesterone
11. Peristalsis occurs in the digestive tract
A. from the pharynx to the anus
B. in the stomach and small intestine only
C. in the small and large intestines only
D. in the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine only
12. About the time of ovulation, the anterior pituitary gland releases a relatively large quantity of
A. estrogen
B. progesterone
C. LH
D. androgen
13. Heartburn is usually caused by the effects of gastric juice on the
A. heart
B. esophagus
C. stomach
D. small intestine
14. The digestive functions of saliva include
A. digesting starch into disaccharides
B. acting as a lubricant during swallowing
C. dissolving food chemicals
D. all of these
15. Fertilization normally occurs in the
A. peritoneal cavity
B. Fallopian tube
C. uterus
D. vagina
16. Which of the following is a function of the small intestine?
A. absorption of water and salts
B. digestion of amino acids
C. absorption of food molecules
D. synthesis of cholesterol
17. Which of the following are major functions of the liver?
A. storage of certain molecules
B. conversion of ammonia into urea
C. secretion of bile
D. all of these
18. Sperm cells are stored primarily in the
A. vas deferens
B. ejaculatory ducts
C. epididymidis
D. seminal vesicles
19. Pancreatic digestive secretions are regulated by
A. parasympathetic impulses
B. secretin
C. cholecystokinin
D. all of these
20. The most commonly used oral contraceptives contain
A. estrogen and progesterone
B. GnRH
C. gonadotropins
D. FSH and LH
21. The effects of sympathetic nerve impulses on the alimentary canal are __________ and parasympathetic impulses are __________.
A. stimulative, or cause increases in activity; inhibitory, or slow down activity
B. varied with most of the activity being inhibitory; inhibitory all the time
C. not known; integrative, or integrate all the activities of the canal
D. inhibitory, or slow down activity; stimulative, or cause increases in activity
22. The tubular portion of the uterus that extends downward into the upper part of the vagina is the
A. brachiostium uteri
B. cervix
C. perimetrium
D. endometrium
23. One of the major functions of the large intestine is to
A. secrete digestive enzymes
B. reabsorb water from chyme
C. regulate the release of bile
D. break down hemoglobin
24. The female structure that corresponds to (is homologous to) the male penis is the
A. vagina
B. clitoris
C. vestibule
D. labia minora
25. Which of the following is true in regard to bile?
A. The production of bile is stimulated by cholecystokinin.
B. The release of bile into the duodenum is stimulated by secretin.
C. It contains concentrated enzymes involved in lipid digestion.
D. None of these is true.
26. The American Cancer Society recommends that women have their breasts examined with mammography at regular intervals after the age of
A. 20
B. 30
C. 40
D. 60
27. The cells that are attacked by the AIDS virus are
A. A cells
B. B cells
C. Killer T cells
D. Helper T cells
28. The muscular layer of the uterus is known as the
A. endometrium
B. myometrium
C. perimetrium
D. serometrium
29. Antibodies are
A. found on the outside of bacteria and viruses
B. usually large complex proteins which are highly antigenic
C. similar to defensins in that they help to pierce the cell walls of bacteria
D. are produced by B cells and function to tag antigens on bacteria and viruses
30. Which of the following is not part of the male reproductive system?
A. seminal vessicles
B. paraurethral glands
C. bulbourethral glands
D. prostate gland
31. When blood levels of H2O drop, the ___________ secretes more ADH causing a(n) ___________ in tubular reabsorption.
A. hypothalamus, increase
B. kidney, increase
C. hypothalamus, decrease
D. kidney, decrease
32. Interferons are:
A. proteins produced by an infected cell which reduces the ability of a virus to reproduce
B. proteins produced by neutrophils which form long daggers which pierce bacteria and kill them
C. released by macrophages and cause local swelling
D. released by monocytes and cause an increase in body temperature
33. The tubes that drain the kidneys are called
A. urethras
B. ureters
C. vas deferens
D. distal tubules
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FILL-INS (@2 points):
Complete the following sentences with the most appropriate words (# indicated by # of lines).
Choose 10 out of 12 only.
1. The primary organs of the male reproductive system are the __________.
2. ______________ cells help to decrease the activity of B cells and Killer T cells.
3. The secretion of the seminal vesicles contains __________ that provides an energy source for sperm cells.
4. Pancreatic fluid contains a high concentration of _________ ___________, which makes it alkaline.
FILL-INS (cont):
5. The _________________ cells in the testes support and nourish developing sperm.
6. The process by which bile causes the breakdown of fat globules into smaller droplets is __________.
7. The male pituitary hormone which stimulates testosterone production is ______________ ___________.
8. Along with digestion, mastication, and ingestion, ______________ is a major function of the digestive system.
9. The hormone that stimulates the secretion (ejection) of milk from the mammary glands is __________.
10. The type of white blood cell that can crawl through tissues and "eat" bacteria are called ___________.
11. The ______________ is the "functional unit" of the kidney.
12. The male structure that corresponds to (is homologous to) the female labia is the ________________.
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Essay/Short Answer (@ 10 pts). Answer only 2 of the following 3. The first 2 answered will be graded.
1. Draw and label the human digestive tract. Also list the functions of four of the labeled parts.
2. Describe the monthly changes which occur to the inner lining of the uterus. Be sure to mention how this process is controlled.
3. Describe how ovulation is controlled in human females.