Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Exam 2, Version 7 - March 15, 2002, Dr. Chabot
Multiple Choice (@3 points): Circle the letter of the one best answer. GOOD LUCK!
Answer only 27 out of 29! The first 27 answered will be graded.
1. The term Central Nervous System refers to the:
A. autonomic nervous system
B. brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves
C. brain and spinal cord
D. spinal cord and spinal nerves
2. The sympathetic and parasympathetic are subdivisions of the:
A. central nervous system
B. voluntary nervous system
C. autonomic nervous system
D. somatic nervous system
3. The brain stem consists of the:
A. cerebrum, pons, midbrain, and medulla
B. midbrain, medulla, and pons
C. pons and medulla
D. midbrain only
4. The primary auditory cortex is located in the:
A. posterior cortex
B. frontal association cortex
C. lateral cortex
D. superior cortex
5. The vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure are located in the:
A. pons
B. medulla
C. midbrain
D. cerebrum
6. The hypothalamus:
A. is the thermostat of the body since it regulates temperature
B. is an important auditory and visual relay center
C. has the Pulvinar body as part of its structure
D. mediates sensations
7. An individual who could describe parts of a bicycle with his or her finger but could not recognize it as a bicycle is most likely to have sustained damage to the:
A. calcarine cortex
B. primary visual area
C. visual association area
D. lateral geniculate body
8. Which of the following is not part of the basal nuclei:
A. putamen
B. lentiform nucleus
C. caudate
D. substantia nigra
9. All of the following are structures of the limbic system except the:
A. hippocampus
B. cingulate gyrus
C. amygdaloid nucleus
D. caudate nucleus
10. The brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alertness of the cortex is the:
A. thalamus
B. reticular formation
C. pyramids
D. limbic system
11. Which of the following would you not find in normal cerebrospinal fluid:
A. glucose
B. red blood cells
C. potassium
D. protein
12. Which statement about aging is most accurate:
A. the brain reaches its maximum weight around the seventh decade of life
B. synaptic connections are too fixed to permit a great deal of learning after the age of 35
C. despite some neuronal loss, changing synaptic connections support additional learning throughout life
D. learning throughout the adult and aging years is supported primarily by glial proliferation
13. Preparing the body for the "fight-or-flight" response is the role of the:
A. sympathetic nervous system
B. cerebrum
C. parasympathetic nervous system
D. somatic nervous system
14. Cardiovascular effects of the sympathetic division include all but:
A. constriction of most blood vessels
B. dilation of the vessels serving the skeletal muscles
C. increase of heart rate and force
D. dilation of the blood vessels serving the skin and digestive viscera
15. The "resting and digesting" division of the autonomic nervous system is the:
A. parasympathetic division
B. sympathetic division
C. somatic division
D. peripheral nervous system
16. Control of temperature, endocrine activity, and thirst are functions associated with the:
A. medulla
B. cerebellum
C. hypothalamus
D. thalamus
17. Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
A. smooth muscle
B. cardiac muscle
C. skeletal muscle
D. most glands
18. Which of the following is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation?
A. salivation
B. dilation of the pupils
C. increased peristalsis of the digestive tract
D. slowing down of the heart rate
19. Erection of the penis or clitoris:
A. is primarily under sympathetic control
B. is primarily under parasympathetic control
C. is the result of coordinated activation by both sympathetic and parasympathetic input
20. Emotions influence autonomic reactions primarily through integration in the:
A. lateral horn of the spinal cord
B. hypothalamus
C. lateral geniculate of the thalamus
D. inferior colliculus
21. The possibility of cortical control over autonomic responses is demonstrated by:
A. split brain studies
B. stress-induced hypertension
C. biofeedback
D. nightmares
22. What is the main function of the rods in the eye:
A. depth perception
B. color vision
C. vision in dim light
D. accommodation for near vision
23. What structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye:
A. aqueous humor
B. lens
C. cornea
D. iris
24. The blind spot of the eye is:
A. where more rods than cones are found
B. where the macula lutea is located
C. where only cones occur
D. where the optic nerve leaves the eye
25. Light passes through the following structures in which order:
A. vitreous humor, lens, cornea
B. cornea, lens, vitreous humor
C. cornea, vitreous humor, lens
D. cornea, lens, vitreous humor
26. The cerebellum seems to function by:
A. helping to initiate movements
B. helping to coordinate motor cortex neuron activity
C. directly stimulating motor neurons
D. A and b only
27. In The Clock article about the potential therapeutic effects of magnetism, which of the following statements is most likely false?
A. Magnets with the power of refrigerator magnets have been found to have no effects on pain reduction in humans
B. Magnetic wraps for knees and ankles may be therapeutic primarily because they support sore joints, not because they are magnetic.
C. The placebo effect occurs in approximately 30% of a sample population in a study.
D. It may be difficult to design a study on the effects of magnetism on people because it is very difficult to prevent people in the control group from cheating.
28. In the chapter "Eyes Right" the subject has sustained damage to the:
A. lateral right hemisphere of her cerebral cortex
B. deep, posterior portion of her cerebral cortex
C. right superior colliculus
D. right frontal cortex
29. One take home point from "The Dog Beneath the Skin" is:
A. Humans may have a better sense of smell than they are consciously aware of
B. The somatosensory receptors in the skin of humans is very similar to that of dogs
C. Acetylcholine seems to be involved in the sense of smell
D. Acetylcholine seems to be involved in the sense of somatosensation
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Essay/Short Answer (@ 10 pts). Answer only 2 of the following 3. The first 2 answered will be graded.
1) Outline and discuss phototransduction in rods.
2) Draw and label the developing brain at 35 days. Briefly explain the functions of two of the regions that you have listed.
3) List the names of all of the cranial nerves. Describe the specific functions of four of these nerves.