Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Exam 5, Version 15 - May 16, 2001
Dr. Chabot
Multiple Choice (@3 points): Circle the letter of the one best answer.
Answer only 27 out of 30! The first 27 answered will be graded.
Please place an "X" beside those three questions that you do not want graded.
GOOD LUCK AND HAVE AN EXCELLENT SUMMER!
1. The urinary bladder is composed of _____ epithelium:
A. transitional
B. simple squamous
C. stratified squamous
D. pseudostratified columnar
2. Which gland sits atop each kidney?
A. adrenal
B. thymus
C. pituitary
D. interlobular
3. The functional and structural unit of the kidneys is:
A. the nephron
B. the loop of Henle
C. Bowman's capsule
D. the basement membrane of the capillaries
4. Which of the following statements is true regarding the structural differences between the urethras of males and females:
A. the female has a longer urethra
B. there are no differences; the length of the urethra is always the same in a particular species
C. the male urethra is about 20 cm long, while the female urethra is 3-4 cm long
D. the length of the urethra varies among humans; gender makes no difference
5. The fluid in the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of:
A. glucose
B. hormones
C. electrolytes
D. plasma protein
6. Alcohol acts as a diuretic because it:
A. is not reabsorbed by the tubule cells
B. increases the rate of glomerular filtration
C. increases secretion of ADH
D. inhibits the release of ADH
7. Which statement is true about urine:
A. urine is usually slightly alkaline
B. urine has an ammonia-like odor when fresh
C. urine has nitrogenous waste such as urea and uric acid
D. urine has a yellow color due to the presence of hemoglobin
8. While the kidneys process about 180 L of blood-derived fluids daily, the amount that actually leaves the body is:
A. 50%, or 90 L
B. all of the 180 L
C. 1%, or 1.5 L
D. 100 L
9. Which statement is correct:
A. reabsorption of water is hormonally controlled
B. normal filtrate contains a large amount of protein
C. most of the water passing through the kidney is eliminated as urine
D. the excretion of sodium ions is one of the mechanisms that maintains the pH balance of the blood
10. Which of the following hormones is important in the regulation of sodium ion concentrations in blood?
A. antidiuretic hormone
B. erythropoietin
C. aldosterone
D. renin
11. Which of the following hormones is important in stimulating water conservation in the kidneys:
A. aldosterone
B. thymosin
C. antidiuretic hormone
D. atrial natriuretic peptide
12. One of the major physiological factors that triggers thirst is:
A. a dry mouth from high temperatures
B. becoming overly agitated
C. drinking caffeinated beverages
D. a rise in plasma ions
13. The cremaster muscle is important to the integrity of the male reproductive system. Which of the following is true about the role they play?
A. they contract to push sperm along the ductus deferens
B. they regulate the temperature of the testes
C. they are responsible for penile erection
D. they contract to allow ejaculation
14. The ability of sperm cells to move along the vas deferens is due to:
A. gravity
B. peristaltic contractions
C. enzymatic activity
D. hormonal action
15. Which of the following glands are responsible for 60% of the synthesis of semen:
A. the seminal vesicles
B. the Leydig cells
C. the prostate
D. the pituitary
16. The primary function of the uterus is to:
A. protect the ovaries
B. synthesize female hormones
C. regulate the ovarian and menstrual cycles
D. receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum
17. The corpus luteum is:
A. the ruptured follicle following the ejection of an egg from the ovary
B. the ovarian ligament that anchors the ovary medially to the uterus
C. the mesovarium
D. part of the uterine tube
18. The structures that receive the ovulated egg, providing a site for fertilization, are called:
A. the Graafian follicles
B. the fallopian tubes
C. the infundibula
D. the fimbriae
19. Which of the following constitutes the female counterpart of the male scrotum:
A. the clitoris
B. the greater vestibular glands
C. the labia majora
D. the mons pubis
20. A mechanical device inserted into the uterus as a means of birth control is the:
A. IUD
B. condom
C. minipill
D. "morning after" pill
21. Functions of testosterone include:
A. facilitation of muscle and skeletal growth in mass
B. loss of facial hair
C. growth of the breasts
D. growth of the larynx
22. The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called:
A. spermatocytes
B. spermatogonia
C. sustentacular cells
D. Leydig cells
23. Select the correct statement about male sexual response:
A. sympathetic impulses are responsible for causing penile arteriolar dilation, resulting in erection
B. erection in the result of vascular spaces in the erectile tissues filling with blood
C. expansion of the penile tissues results in dilation of the venous outflow
D. ejaculation is the result of parasympathetic stimulation
24. Normally menstruation occurs when:
A. blood vessels of FSH fall off
B. blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease
C. blood levels of estrogen and progesterone increase
D. the corpus luteum secretes estrogen
25. Select the correct statement about testosterone control:
A. GnRh from the hypothalamus causes FSH and LH release from the anterior pituitary
B. FSH stimulates testicular production of testosterone
C. inhibin and testosterone exert positive feedback on the hypothalamus and pituitary
D. the pineal gland is believed to be the gland that exerts the most influence in testosterone control
26. Select the correct statement about the hormonal events of the ovarian cycle:
A. rising levels of estrogen start follicle development
B. high estrogen levels result in a surge of LH release
C. the follicle begins to secrete progesterone in response to estrogen stimulation
D. the LH surge stimulates further development of the secondary oocyte
27. It is impossible for sperm to be functional (able to fertilize the egg) until after:
A. the tail disappears
B. they become spermatids
C. they undergo capacitation
D. they have been stored in the uterus for several days
28. Milk ejection or "let-down" is stimulate by which of the following hormones associated with pregnancy:
A. inhibin
B. oxytocin
C. prolactin
D. gonadotropin
29. Estrogen and progesterone maintain the integrity of the uterine lining and prepare the mammary glands to secrete milk. Which of the following structures makes this possible during the first three months of pregnancy?
A. the amnion
B. the chorion
C. corpus luteum
D. corona radiata
30. During pregnancy, the corpus luteum normally produces estrogens and progesterone:
A. only until the implantation of the embryo
B. until the fourth week of pregnancy
C. for about 12-13 weeks
D. for the entire pregnancy
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Essay/Short Answer (@ 10 pts). Answer only 2 of the following 3. The first 2 answered will be graded.
1. Draw and label the human digestive tract. Also list the functions of four of the labeled parts.
2. Describe the monthly changes which occur to the inner lining of the uterus. Be sure to mention how this process is controlled.
3. Describe how the production of sperm is controlled in males.