The Pelvic Girdle and Lower Extremities

 

I. Pelvis - sacrum plus two coxal (innominate) bones

 

Innominate - the following 3 bones fuse during development:

A. Ilium                                                   B. Ischium

iliac crest                                              acetabulum

acetabulum                                           ischial spine

greater sciatic notch                               lesser sciatic notch

articular surface for sacrum                     ischial tuberosity

anterior superior iliac spine                     obturator foramen

"   " inferior     "        "

C. Pubis

pubic symphysis

pubic crest

 

II. Femur

head                                                             intercondylar fossa

condyles, lateral and medial                           gluteal tuberosity

neck                                                             linea aspera epicondyles, lateral and medial                          adductor tubercle

fovea capitis                                                  

greater trochanter                                          

lesser      "        "                                           

intertrochanteric crest (posterior)                     

"   "        " line      (anterior)

 

III. Tibia

medial and lateral condyle

intercondylar eminence

anterior and posterior intercondylar fossa

tibial tuberosity

medial malleolus

anterior crest

 

IV. Fibula                                                      V. Tarsals

head                                                             talus

lateral malleolus                                              calcaneus

                                                                    navicular

                                                                        cuboid

medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiform

VI. Metatarsals and Phlanges

 

Articulations:

 

I. Coxal (Hip; human and model)

iliofemoral ligament

pubofemoral ligament

ischiofemoral ligament

 

II. Tibiofemoral (Knee; human and model)

anterior/posterior cruciate ligaments

medial/lateral menisci

lateral/medial collateral ligaments

patella

patellar tendon

patellar ligament